Biofertilizer

Organic farmers is to avoid the use of chemical fertilizers. To meet the needs of plant life, organic farmers rely on the compost as the main source of plant nutrition. Unfortunately, the content of compost burly low. Compost mature content hara more or less: N 1.69%, 0:34% P2O5, and 2.81% K. 100 kg of compost is equivalent to 1.69 kg of urea, SP 36 kg of 0:34, and 2:18 kg of KCl. For example, to fertilize the rice needs hara 200 kg urea / ha, 75 kg SP 36/ha and 37.5 kg of KCl / ha, it requires as much as 22 tons of compost / ha. The amount of compost that this large requires a lot of manpower and by the rise of production costs.

Microbe-soil microbes that play a role in the provision and the absorption of nutrients for plants. Three important plant nutrients, namely Nitrogen (N), phosphate (P) and potassium (K), all involving the activities of microbes. Hara N available abundant in the air. Roughly 74% content of the air is the N. However, N air can not be directly used by plants N must by microbes and changed shape to become available for plants N microbe that symbiosis and there is also a free life. N symbiotic microbes, among others: Rhizobium sp living in root nodules plant beans (leguminose). Microbe N non-symbiotic, for example: Azospirillum sp and Azotobacter sp. N symbiotic microbes can only be used to plant leguminose only, while the microbe non-symbiotic N can be used for all types of plants.

Soil microbes that play a role in the provision of nutrients is a microbe solvent phosphate (P) and potassium (K). Agricultural land we generally have a fairly high content of P (saturated). However, the burly, little P / not available for plants, because tied in the loamy soil minerals. Here is where the role of microbes solvent PThese microbes will relinquish ties P minerals from the hardened and provide for the plant. Many microbes that are able to do P, among others: sp Aspergillus, Penicillium sp, Pseudomonas and Bacillus sp megatherium. Microbe that dissolves Highly P, leaders also generally higher in dissolves K.

Another group of microbes that also play a role in the absorption of the P element is Mikoriza the bersimbiosis on plant roots. At least two types of mikoriza frequently used for biofertilizer, namely: ektomikoriza and endomikoriza. Mikoriza role in helping dissolves P and P absorption by the plant life. In addition, the plant bermikoriza also generally more resistant to drought. Example mikoriza which is often used Glomus sp and Gigaspora sp.

Some microbes are able to land the plant hormones that can stimulate the growth of plants. Hormone produced by the microbes will be absorbed by the plants so the plants will grow faster or bigger. Groups of microbes that are able to plant hormones, among others: Pseudomonas sp and Azotobacter sp.

Microbe-beneficial microbes are formulated in a special carrier material and used as a biofertilizer. Results of research conducted by BPBPI get at least that biofertilizer can supply more than half the needs of plant life. Biofertilizer available in the market include: Gold, Rhiphosant, Kamizae, OST and Simbionriza.